Lacquer artisan Mayuko Fujitsuka about her connection to Urushi Lacquer
Meet one of our first 2 Guest Artists on sentomono: 28-year-old Mayuko Fujitsuka from Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Fujitsuka graduated from the Tokyo University of the Arts in Japanese Lacquer studies where she will continue her studies in a master program this year. With a lot of patience and attention to detail she carefully crafts urushi lacquered bowls and chopsticks in her home workshop.
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What was it that got you started working with wood and Japanese lacquer?
It all started when I made my first work using urushi at university. In my first year, I worked with a variety of materials, including clay and metal, but the most impressive process was urushi.
I didnât have a strong interest in urushi until I entered university. I think that's why I was shocked by the freshness of my first lacquer work. It wasn't until I entered university that I started crafting. My family is a very ordinary family. My mother and grandmother liked to cook and sew, and my father took me to museums and other places. Influenced by this, I have always liked drawing and simple crafts. However, I think I lacked the environment and knowledge to do serious crafts. I had a huge fascination with making things.
What was it about urushi that made you feel a connection to it?
Since urushi is a natural product, it is not a stable material. I take care to adjust the curing time according to the weather that day. It also takes a long time to cure, and sometimes it suddenly causes problems, which can be annoying. It is very troublesome, but I found it interesting that urushi seems to act like a fickle person.
Also, I want my craftsmanship to blend into my daily life. The repetition of time from the application of the lacquer to the drying is similar to the rhythm of human life, and I felt that it fitted in with my life cycle. I believe I felt a connection with the human-like nature of lacquer.
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You study crafts at University. Is there a reason you chose this path over learning as an apprentice from a Master craftsman?
Besides making things, I collect folk art, I am interested in sculpture, photography, and contemporary art, and I like to draw illustrations.
I chose to study crafts at university because I love crafts, and I am glad that I entered a university where I have a lot of freedom because I am not a one-size-fits-all kind of person. It is wonderful to be an apprentice or to focus on a single thing, and I envy those who do so. Even though I have different interests, they are not unrelated, they are all connected, and I believe that there is something that only I can do because of them.
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Many of our readers come from countries in which Japanese lacquer is not used. Can you describe for us what Urushi is?
Urushi is made by processing the sap collected from lacquer trees and is used for painting and gluing. Urushi is widely used in objects for daily life, vessels for celebrations, pottery restoration, buildings, Buddhist statues, and works of art, and supports Japanese life and culture. The most characteristic feature of lacquer is that it cures in a moderately hot and humid environment. I think it's a special material that fits the climate of Japan.
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Can you describe to us your process? How long does it take you to make a bowl from start to finish?
In my case, there are three processes until the bowl is made: woodwork, groundwork, and top coating. I draw the plans for the wooden base and ask the woodturner to make it. After the tree is cut, it takes six months to a year for the wood to dry and become a bowl.
A cloth is applied to reinforce the wood in areas where it is prone to cracking. A lacquer undercoat is then applied to strengthen the wood, followed by four coats of black lacquer.
It takes at least two months from the base to the completion of the lacquering process.
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That sounds like a very long process. What about it is your favorite part and what is your least favorite?
I make all my vessels by hand. I like to feel each vessel become stronger and smoother with each little layer of lacquer.
What I don't like is that the state of the lacquer changes depending on the temperature and humidity of the day, and it is difficult to handle because you have to pay close attention to prevent dust from falling on the final coat. Sometimes I have to keep picking up dust particles from the piece for hours and I don't really enjoy that part.
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Do you personally use urushi ware in your home? Why would you prefer it over other kinds of kitchenware?
I only have a few but I like to use them. I use Bowls, lunch boxes, and chopsticks with urushi lacquer.
I think lacquer is very suitable for Japanese cuisine, especially for miso soup, which is always served in lacquered bowls. What makes it different from tableware made of other materials is that it is lightweight, produces a soft sound when tapped, and has a unique warmth to it.
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